Anatomical responses of root tips to boron deficiency II. Effect of boron deficiency on the cellular growth and development in root tips

Changes induced in the tissue structure and the cellular patterns of young tomato root tips by the absence of boron in the nutrient solution were investigated.

Boron deficiency caused primarily the inhibition of cell division and cell elongation in root apices, and the cells of boron-deficient root tips were fully vacuolated. The cell wall in the apical region was thickened by boron deficiency and the intercellular spaces insufficiently developed.

Boron deficiency also caused the radial enlargement of cortical cells, especially of endodermis, but this enlargement was not accompanied by an increase in water imbibition. In the advanced stage of boron deficiency, the disintegration of tissue structure had occurred.

Primordia of lateral roots arose closely in root apices. Maturation of the vascular system, especially of the primary xylem, was exasperated abnormally, and frequently there occurred a differentiation of cambial layers close to the apical initials.

Anatomical effects of boron deficiency appeared particularly in the root apex and not clearly in the region of successive maturation. The results are discussed with regards to the role of boron in cellular growth at apical growing points.

The results are discussed with regards to the role of boron in cellular growth at apical growing points.     

茶多酚生物学活性的研究进展

研究表明,茶叶含有大量的生物活性成分,其中茶多酚是最重要有效成分之一。本文结合近20年来有关茶多酚最新研究成果,阐述了茶多酚生物学活性及研究进展。     

Effect of Water Stress on the Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Genotypes in the Delmarva Region of the United States

Drought is an important yield-reducing factor for corn and soya bean which are the two major crops in the Delaware, Maryland and Virginia (Delmarva) region of the United States. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is primarily grown in drier regions of the world where it is one of the most drought-resistant food legumes. Field experiments were conducted in which 10 genetically diverse cowpea genotypes were evaluated for adaptability to the Delmarva area. The cowpea genotypes were grown in rain-out shelters under non-water-stressed and water-stressed conditions. The results showed that under non-water-stressed conditions cowpea genotypes California Blackeye 5, Champion and Mississippi Silver gave higher seed yields, while genotypes White Acre, Six Week Browneye and Texas Cream 8 provided lower seed yields. Genotypes California Blackeye 5 and Champion gave comparatively better seed yields under water-stressed conditions. California Blackeye 5 was the highest seed-yielding genotype under both water-stressed and non-water-stressed conditions. The highest biological yield under non-water-stressed conditions was given by genotypes Two Crop Brown, White Acre and Elite, whereas under the water-stressed condition genotypes Texas Cream 8, California Blackeye 5, and Mississippi Silver gave higher biological yield. Genotypes Quickpick Pinkeye and Elite were identified as early maturing genotypes. The harvest index (HI) varied significantly among genotypes, with Texas Cream 8 having the lowest HI. Cowpea genotypes which gave higher seed yield under water-stressed conditions could play an important role in sustaining crop production in the Delmarva region.     

On the Variability of Harvest Indices

The harvest index Z is defined, for example for cereals, as the ratio between grain yield X and biological yield Y: Z = X/Y. For many purposes the variance of Z is of major interest. In this paper several approximations for this variance are derived and their accuracy was investigated. These explicit formulae depend on some characteristics (means, variances or coefficients of variation, covariances or correlations) of the component variables grain yield X and biological yield Y. It is shown that for most practical applications the approximation v²z = v²x + v²y - 2rv_xv_y provides a sufficient accuracy for numerical calculations (v_x v_y and v_z are the coefficients of variation for grain yield X, biological yield Y and harvest index Z and r denotes the correlation coefficient between X and Y). Some conclusions on the relations between v_x, v_y and v_z are derived.
Finally, all the theoretical investigations and results are demonstrated and applied to a numerical example of winter-rapeseed data.     

Effects of Population on Physiological Growth Parameters of Pigeonpea Genotypes in Sole and Intercropped Stand with Sorghum CO 22

A field experiment was conducted during khariff 1984 in sandy clay loam soil under irrigated condition at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, with a view (i) to find out the possibility of introducing short duration dwarf variety of sorghum CO 22 as an intercrop with pigeonpea genotypes, (ii) to study the effect of different plant population levels and intercropping of sorghum CO 22 on pigeonpea genotypes, and (iii) to find out compatible pigeonpea genotypes and plant population level for pigeonpea based intercropping system with sorghum CO 22.
It was observed that increased plant density significantly increased the dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) during early stages and reduced the net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and CCR during later part of the growth. Intercropping of sorghum CO 22 significantly reduced the dry matter production LAI, CGR, NAR and RGR. Plants in the intercropped stands recorded higher CGR, NAR and RGR during later part of the growth. Among pigeonpea genotypes CO 5 was much affected due to intercropping with sorghum CO 22.     

选择产蛋量七个世代蛋壳及蛋品质的相关反应

以北京白鸡Ⅲ系七世代选择群和基础群为材料,估计选择产蛋量七个世代对蛋壳及蛋品质产生的相关反应.结果表明,经七个世代选择,产蛋量、蛋重、蛋白高度和哈夫单位都有所提高,而蛋壳厚度和蛋比重有一定程度下降.估计蛋壳厚度、蛋白高度和哈夫单位的遗传力分别是0.159 5、0.017 8和0.099 4.产蛋量与蛋白高度、哈夫单位和蛋壳厚度呈负遗传相关.选择产蛋量使蛋壳品质发生负向相关反应.     

期权定价模型中几个重要比率的分析

评估期权价格的方法之一，就是分析期权定价模型中的参数，本文对“时间耗损因子”Theta值，期权价值相对于波动率、无风险利率变动比率的Vega值和Rho值，在已有的基础上进行了更加全面、深刻的分析，另外，本文首次讨论了期权价值变化相对于红利率和执行价格变化的比率Phi值和Tau值，在一定程度上，提高了我们正确运用期权定价模型的准确性和制定期权交易策略抗风险的能力。     

河南鸡公山引栽鹅掌楸属树种生长规律的初步研究

本文报道了鹅掌楸属树种的生物学特性、年生长发育过程及其生长规律,为制定其栽培措施提供了依据。     

选择性激光烧结成型件密度模型研究

选择性激光烧结(SIS—selective laser sintering)加工工艺参数的变化会引起成型件密度的变化，进而影响烧结强度．本文应用神经网络方法，建立了加工工艺参数与成型件密度之间的预测模型．应用该模型分析了加工工艺参数(层厚lt，扫描间距dh，激光功率W，扫描速度v，加工环境温度Te，层与层之间的加工时间间隔Ts和扫描方式F)对成型件密度的影响．试验研究结果表明：该模型能定量地反映加工工艺参数与成型件密度之间的关系．据此可通过合理地选取工艺参数得到所需的加工件．     

乳铁蛋白的生物学功能及其基因工程研究进展

乳铁蛋白是一种具有多种生物活性的糖蛋白。本文主要就乳铁蛋白的生物学功能及其基因工程研究进展作一综述。